Introduction: Sex conversion in Iran, similar to any other countries around the world raises some socio-medical problems. In most countries, the process of sex change in gender studies has been less explored. This study aims to determine the correlation of social support and Sexual function of men with gender identity disorder after sex reassignment surgery in Tehran, Iran.Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study, 85 transgendered men that admitted to Mirdamad Day Clinic in Tehran were selected through convenience sampling. Data was collected by demographic questionnaires, "Female Sexual Function" and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support". Validity and reliability were assessed by 10 experts and data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.Results: The overall prevalence of Sexual dysfunction was %84. The highest frequency was related to scope of pain (%77) and the scope of orgasms (%53). Further, %51.8 of the patients had lower social support. The mean of family support had the highest value (%53.3) among scopes.Conclusions: This study showed that gender identity disorders had low social support and Sexual functionality after surgery. Therefore, patients should be advised of the possible Sexual dysfunction consequences before the surgeries.

Background: The "Sex-Reassignment Surgery" is a solution that besides behavioral therapy has been suggested to people suffering from gender identity disorders in recent years. In Iran, this trend has become more popular over the past years due to the inclination to reach to the goal rapidly with less effort and also the surgery has attracted many patients with the problem. Religious clerics have tried to determine the religious doctrines for this practice and as a result a group of them favor an absolute permission while others choose prohibition and some of them favor a middle path.The aim of this study was to determine the religious doctrines for Sex-Reassignment and legitimate treatment for GID.Methods: The research method was a library research based on which an investigation was done by analyzing the relevant books, articles and dissertations. Primary documents of Islamic sources (Quran and tradition) along with scientific, medical and psychological materials were used in this research.Results: In this study, the survey shows that none of the reasons have the power to deliver a definitive and religious ruling on this issue because the validity of its reasons is related to the reality of "Sex-Reassignment".Conclusion: The results demonstrate that Sex-Reassignment is prohibited and it is not authorized. In case of urgency for doing the surgery, the gender of the person should not be changed.

Introduction: Ambiguous genitalia is a medical emergency in newborns and effort is made to perform sex reassignment and reconstructive surgery as soon as possible. However, conflict between the assigned sex and later gender identity are still present in many cases. This discrepancy between Sexual and gender identities leads to several complications that are the focus of the present study. Materials and Methods: The literature review was performed by searching some knowledge-based databases such as Medline/PubMed (from the National Library of Medicine), Scopus, PsyClic and the Iranian Scientific Information Database (SID) on the internet and all the available articles in relevant journals published up to August 2009. Results: A significant number of intersex individuals suffer from incoherence be-tween the sex reassigned to them by the medical team, and their gender identity revealed to them in teen ages or adulthood. As an adult, a large number of these indi-viduals do not live according to their early reassigned sex and some may seek further sex reassignment congruent to their gender identity. A number of these cases have spoken out against the treatments performed during their childhood. They believe that the current treatment strategies for intersex individuals are paternalistic and incompat-ible with codes of medical ethics and human rights.Conclusion: The current knowledge about the complexities of Sexual identity devel-opment, gender identity, gender role and Sexual orientation is sparse and incompre-hensive. The current approach for the management of infants with ambiguous geni-talia seems to need major reevaluation. It seems better to defer any sex reassignment and reconstructive surgery until their gender is revealed and they are legally eligible to decide about these issues by themselves.

Introduction: Social health is one of the most basic health indicators of any society, which is affected by the issues that people face, including those applying for gender change. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the social health of people applying for gender reassignment in comparison with transSexuals and normal people. Methods: This comparative causal study was a cross-section research employing the Keyes standardized questionnaire. The research population was conducted in three groups of gender change applicants who referred to the forensic medicine of Mashhad, who were confirmed to have gender identity disorder during 2017, and according to that two groups of gender change and normal people were included in the study. The research data were compared using ANOVA test and Spearman and ETA tests were utilized for the correlation of non-parametric variables. Results: In the general dimension of social health, no significant difference was observed between the three studied groups (P>0. 05), in the two dimensions of social affinity and cohesion, there was a significant difference between the three groups of gender reassignment applicants before the operation, the gender reassigned group, and normal individuals so that in the aspect of cohesion, the mean of transgendered people is significantly higher than normal people (P=0. 03) and also in the facet of correlation, the mean of people with gender dysphoria before surgery is significantly less than that of normal people. (P=0. 03). Meanwhile, a moderate relationship was found between the level of education and that of social health of people (r=0. 55). Conclusion: Before the operation, people suffering from Sexual boredom are less interested in their social life and the world around them compared to that of normal people, which is caused by their despair and hopelessness in accepting their desired social identity. It is therefore necessary to identify and treat these people before entering the field of social life.

Background and Aim: Gender identity disorder consists of the patient’s consistent desire to identify with the opposite sex and feels significant discomfort or the inability to deal with this condition. In patients resistant to treatment (Individual Psychotherapy, Psychoanalysis …) operational procedure has been utilized and has been authorized in Iran through a religious decree issued by the country’s late leader, Ayatollah Khomeini since 1964. A study into the instances of surgery procedures in the country has proven positive results. Material and Methods: The procedure consists of cross-sectional study in small scale on 12 transSexual individuals consisting of 9 men and 3 women. All of the participants had Sexual reassignment surgery at an average of six years prior to the study. They all were from middle class families and held an average age of 25. The participants were subjected to MMPI-1 questionnaire, (MF) MMPI-2, The Bem Sex-Role inventory and the Bem Gender Traits Test. Results: The study showed that the patients have responded positively to the treatment in psycho –social dimension and had obtained a normal grade at the MMPI- 1 test. According to the results of the Bem and MF tests they have also accepted their new identity and role. Results of Semi structural interview included all of sample agreed with their decision. Neither of the patients has expressed regret of undertaking the surgery.Conclusion: Multiple factors include economic status of the patients, satisfying interpersonal relationships, efficient support system, Sexual partners and satisfactory Sexual life, suitable familial reactions and possibility of extra surgery have prominent role to adjust them with their new identity and role in the society.

Objective(s): To validate Persian version of the FSFI and to determine its diagnostic cut off score. Methods: This was a descriptive analytic study. To fill in the Persian version of the FSFI. In addition clinical interviews were carried out by a psychiatrist on DSM-4 criteria. Women divided in two age and educational matched groups: the control group (n=28) who have not Sexual dysfunction and the case group (n=53) who have Sexual dysfunction. Data were analyzed by Cronbach’s alpha and validity was assessed by comparing mean scores of two groups. Optimal cut off score determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The findings showed satisfactory results for full scale and each subscale with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.66 or above for Sexually dysfunctional sample and 0.70 or above for Sexually active sample. Discriminant validity confirmed the ability of both total and domain scores to differentiate between active and inactive women. On the basis of sensitivity and specificity analyses we found that the optimal cut off score was found to be 28 for differentiating women with and without Sexual dysfunction. Conclusion: The findings showed that the Iranian version of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring Sexual function in women.

Objective: Sex reassignment surgery (SRS) is a surgery performed to reassign the physical gender identity of transgender people. Despite the physical consequences of this surgery, research has indicated its significant effects on patients’ mental health; however, the findings are contradictory. This study determined the effects of Sexual reassignment surgery on life satisfaction and psychological well-being in transgender people.  Methods: In a multicenter prospective cohort study, from January to March 2019, a total of 40 patients with Sexual dysphoria of both sexes were selected using the purposive sampling method and after meeting the necessary criteria, they were entered into the research process. Patients were placed in one of two groups of gender reassignment surgery and the surgery waiting list. Life satisfaction and psychological well-being indices were evaluated in the surgery group, before and after surgery (one week to one month and more than six months). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance test in SPSS software, version 21, and the significance criterion was considered as 0.05.  Results: Data analysis showed that the life satisfaction index in patients undergoing gender reassignment surgery had a significant difference as compared to the waiting list (P<0.001). Also, the six components of psychological well-being, including self-acceptance, positive relationship with others, personal growth, independence, purposeful life, and mastery of the environment in patients undergoing Sexual reassignment surgery showed a significant improvement compared to the waiting list (P<0.001).  Conclusion: Sexual reassignment surgery has significant psychological effects on patients’ psychological characteristics. These findings may be associated with clinical applications in designing complementary psychological interventions in transgender individuals.

By the progress of the medical and surgical science, the possibility to change the people's sex from female to male and vice versa has been brought about and this change is made not only on the patients such as (biSexuals) but also on the healthy people. In this paper, the rules and consequences created by the sex-reassignment in the consanguineal and affinal relationships among the individuals have been discussed.The individual's sex is generally the criteria for the attachment of duties. In case the aforementioned has already been married, as soon as the sex-reassignment is occurred, the former contract of marriage will be invalidated or terminated according to certain conditions. The sex-reassignment of a man to a woman will cause the waiver of all periods on her and the husband will be obliged to pay her marriage portion completely.